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| Seamless and Welded Titanium and Titanium Alloy Tube ASTM B338 | |||||||||||||||||
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Standard Specification for Seamless and Welded Titanium and Titanium Alloy Tubes for Condensers and Heat Exchangers This standard is issued under the fixed designation B 338; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscript epsilon (c) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval. This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense. |
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| Scope | |||||||||||||||||
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This specification covers the requirements for 22 grades of titanium and titanium alloy tubing intended for surface condensers, evaporators, and heat exchangers, as fol- lows: Grade 1—Unalloyed titanium, Grade 2—Unalloyed titanium, Grade 3—Unalloyed titanium, Grade 7—Unalloyed titanium plus 0.12 to 0.25 % palladium, Grade 9—Titanium alloy (3 % aluminum, 2.5 % va- nadium), Grade 11—Unalloyed titanium plus 0.12 to 0.25 % palladium, Grade 12—Titanium alloy (0.3 % molybdenum,0.8 % nickel), Grade 13—Titanium alloy (0.5 % nickel, 0.05 % ru- thenium), Grade 14—Titanium alloy (0.5 % nickel, 0.05 % ru- thenium), Grade 15—Titanium alloy (0.5 % nickel, 0.05 % ruthenium), Grade 16—Unalloyed titanium plus 0.04 to 0.08 % palladium, Grade 17—Unalloyed titanium plus 0.04 to 0.08 % palladium, Grade 18—Titanium alloy (3 % aluminum, 2.5 % vanadium) plus 0.04 to 0.08 % palladium, Grade 26—Unalloyed titanium plus 0.08 to 0.14 % ruthenium, Grade 27—Unalloyed titanium plus 0.08 to 0.14 % ruthenium, Grade 28—Titanium alloy (3 % aluminum, 2.5 % vanadium) plus 0.08 to 0.14 % ruthenium, This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B10 on Reactive and Refractory Metals and Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B10.01 on Titanium. Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2003. Published November 2003. Originally approved in 1958. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as B 338 – 02. For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications, see related Specifi- cation SB-338 in Section II of that Code. Grade 30—Titanium alloy (0.3 % cobalt, 0.05 % palladium), Grade 31—Titanium alloy (0.3 % cobalt, 0.05 % palladium), Grade 33—Titanium alloy (0.4 % nickel, 0.015 % palladium, 0.025 % ruthenium, 0.15 % chromium), Grade 34—Titanium alloy (0.4 % nickel, 0.015 % palladium, 0.025 % ruthenium, 0.15 % chromium), Grade 35—Titanium alloy (4.5 % aluminum, 2 % molybdenum, 1.6 % vanadium, 0.5 % iron, 0.3 % silicon), Grade 36—Titanium alloy (45 % niobium). Tubing covered by this specification shall be heat treated by at least a stress relief as defined in 5.3. The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only. |
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| Chemical Requirements | |||||||||||||||||
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The titanium shall conform to the chemical requirements prescribed. The elements listed are intentional alloy additions or elements that are inherent to the manufacture of titanium sponge, ingot, or mill product. Elements intentionally added to the melt must be identified, analyzed, and reported in the chemical analysis. When agreed upon by the producer and the purchaser and requested by the purchaser in the written purchase order, chemical analysis shall be completed for specific residual elements not listed in this specification. |
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| Element | Composition, % | ||||||||||||||||
| Grade 1 | Grade 2 | Grade 3 | Grade 7 | Grade 9 | Grade 11 | Grade 12 | |||||||||||
| Nitrogen, max | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.05 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.03 | ||||||||||
| Carbon, max | 0.08 | 0.08 | 0.08 | 0.08 | 0.08 | 0.08 | 0.08 | ||||||||||
| Hydrogen,B,C max | 0.015 | 0.015 | 0.015 | 0.015 | 0.015 | 0.015 | 0.015 | ||||||||||
| Iron, max | 0.20 | 0.30 | 0.30 | 0.30 | 0.25 | 0.20 | 0.30 | ||||||||||
| Oxygen, max | 0.18 | 0.25 | 0.35 | 0.25 | 0.15 | 0.18 | 0.25 | ||||||||||
| Aluminum | … | … | … | … | 2.5–3.5 | … | … | ||||||||||
| Vanadium | … | … | … | … | 2.0–3.0 | … | … | ||||||||||
| Tin | … | … | … | … | … | … | … | ||||||||||
| Ruthenium | … | … | … | … | … | … | … | ||||||||||
| Palladium | … | … | … | 0.12–0.25 | … | 0.12–0.25 | … | ||||||||||
| Cobalt | … | … | … | … | … | … | … | ||||||||||
| Molybdenum | … | … | … | … | … | … | 0.2–0.4 | ||||||||||
| Chromium | … | … | … | … | … | … | … | ||||||||||
| Nickel | … | … | … | … | … | … | 0.6–0.9 | ||||||||||
| Niobium | … | … | … | … | … | … | … | ||||||||||
| Zirconium | … | … | … | … | … | … | … | ||||||||||
| Silicon | … | … | … | … | … | … | … | ||||||||||
| Residuals,D,E,F max each | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | ||||||||||
| Residuals,D,E,F max total | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | ||||||||||
| Titanium | balance | balance | balance | balance | balance | balance | balance | ||||||||||
| Element | Composition, % | ||||||||||||||||
| Grade 13 | Grade 14 | Grade 15 | Grade 16 | Grade 17 | Grade 18 | Grade 26 | |||||||||||
| Nitrogen, max | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.05 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.03 | ||||||||||
| Carbon, max | 0.08 | 0.08 | 0.08 | 0.08 | 0.08 | 0.08 | 0.08 | ||||||||||
| Hydrogen,B,C max | 0.015 | 0.015 | 0.015 | 0.015 | 0.015 | 0.015 | 0.015 | ||||||||||
| Iron, max | 0.20 | 0.30 | 0.30 | 0.30 | 0.20 | 0.25 | 0.30 | ||||||||||
| Oxygen, max | 0.10 | 0.15 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.18 | 0.15 | 0.25 | ||||||||||
| Aluminum | … | … | … | … | … | 2.5–3.5 | … | ||||||||||
| Vanadium | … | … | … | … | … | 2.0–3.0 | … | ||||||||||
| Tin | … | … | … | … | … | … | … | ||||||||||
| Ruthenium | 0.04–0.06 | 0.04–0.06 | 0.04–0.06 | … | … | … | 0.08–0.14 | ||||||||||
| Palladium | … | … | … | 0.04–0.08 | 0.04–0.08 | 0.04–0.08 | … | ||||||||||
| Cobalt | … | … | … | … | … | … | … | ||||||||||
| Molybdenum | … | … | … | … | … | … | … | ||||||||||
| Chromium | … | … | … | … | … | … | … | ||||||||||
| Nickel | 0.4–0.6 | 0.4–0.6 | 0.4–0.6 | … | … | … | … | ||||||||||
| Niobium | … | … | … | … | … | … | … | ||||||||||
| Zirconium | … | … | … | … | … | … | … | ||||||||||
| Silicon | … | … | … | … | … | … | … | ||||||||||
| Residuals,D,E,F max each | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | ||||||||||
| Residuals,D,E,F max total | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | ||||||||||
| Titanium | balance | balance | balance | balance | balance | balance | balance | ||||||||||
| Element | Composition, % | ||||||||||||||||
| Grade 27 | Grade 28 | Grade 30 | Grade 31 | Grade 33 | Grade 34 | Grade 35 | Grade 36 | ||||||||||
| Nitrogen, max | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.05 | 0.03 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.03 | |||||||||
| Carbon, max | 0.08 | 0.08 | 0.08 | 0.08 | 0.08 | 0.08 | 0.08 | 0.04 | |||||||||
| Hydrogen,B,C max | 0.015 | 0.015 | 0.015 | 0.015 | 0.015 | 0.015 | 0.015 | 0.0035 | |||||||||
| Iron, max or range | 0.20 | 0.25 | 0.30 | 0.30 | 0.30 | 0.30 | 0.20-0.80 | 0.03 | |||||||||
| Oxygen, max | 0.18 | 0.15 | 0.25 | 0.35 | 0.25 | 0.35 | 0.25 | 0.16 | |||||||||
| Aluminum | … | 2.5–3.5 | … | … | … | … | 4.0-5.0 | … | |||||||||
| Vanadium | … | 2.0–3.0 | … | … | … | … | 1.1-2.1 | … | |||||||||
| Tin | … | … | … | … | … | … | … | … | |||||||||
| Ruthenium | 0.08–0.14 | 0.08–0.14 | … | … | 0.02-0.04 | 0.02-0.04 | … | … | |||||||||
| Palladium | … | … | 0.04–0.08 | 0.04–0.08 | 0.01-0.02 | 0.01-0.02 | … | … | |||||||||
| Cobalt | … | … | 0.20–0.80 | 0.20–0.80 | … | … | … | … | |||||||||
| Molybdenum | … | … | … | … | … | … | 1.5-2.5 | … | |||||||||
| Chromium | … | … | … | … | 0.1-0.2 | 0.1-0.2 | … | … | |||||||||
| Nickel | … | … | … | … | 0.35-0.55 | 0.35-0.55 | … | … | |||||||||
| Niobium | … | … | … | … | … | … | … | 42.0–47.0 | |||||||||
| Zirconium | … | … | … | … | … | … | … | … | |||||||||
| Silicon | … | … | … | … | … | … | 0.20-0.40 | … | |||||||||
| Residuals,D,E,F max each | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | |||||||||
| Residuals,D,E,F max total | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | |||||||||
| Titanium | balance | balance | balance | balance | Remainder | Remainder | Remainder | Remainder | |||||||||
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AAnalysis shall be completed for all elements listed in this table for each grade. The analysis results for the elements not quantified in the table need not be reported unless the concentration level is greater than 0.1 % each or 0.4 % total. BLower hydrogen may be obtained by negotiation with the manufacturer. CFinal product analysis. DNeed not be reported. EA residual is an element present in a metal or an alloy in small quantities and is inherent to the manufacturing process but not added intentionally. In titanium these elements include aluminum, vanadium, tin, chromium, molybdenum, niobium, zirconium, hafnium, bismuth, ruthenium, palladium, yttrium, copper, silicon, cobalt, tantalum, nickel, boron, manganese, and tungsten. FThe purchaser may, in his written purchase order, request analysis for specific residual elements not listed in this specification. GThe percentage of titanium is determined by difference. |
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| Materials and Manufacture | |||||||||||||||||
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Seamless tube shall be made from hollow billet by any cold reducing or cold drawing process that will yield a product meeting the requirements of this specification. Seamless tube is produced with a continuous periphery in all stages of manu- facturing operations. Welded tube shall be made from flat-rolled product by an automatic arc-welding process or other method of welding that will yield a product meeting the requirements of this specification. Use of a filler material is not permitted. Welded/cold worked tube (WCS) shall be made from welded tube manufactured as specified. The welded tube shall be sufficiently cold worked to final size in order to transform the cast weld microstructure into a typical equiaxed microstructure in the weld upon subsequent heat treatment. The product shall meet the requirements for seamless tube of this specification. The tube shall be furnished in the annealed condition with the exception of Grades 9, 18 and 28, which, at the option of the purchaser, can be furnished in either the annealed or the cold worked and stress relieved condition, defined as at a minimum temperature of 600°F (316°C) for not less than 30 min. |
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| Tensile Requirements | |||||||||||||||||
| The room temperature tensile properties of the tube in the condition normally supplied shall conform to the requirements prescribed. Mechanical properties for conditions other than those given in this table may be established by agreement between the manufacturer and the purchaser. | |||||||||||||||||
| Grade | Tensile Requirements , min | Yield Strength, 0.2% Offset |
Elongation in 2 in. or 50 mm, min, % |
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| ksi | min | ksi | MPa | ksi | MPa | ||||||||||||
| 1A | 35 | 240 | 25 | 170 | 45 | 310 | 24 | ||||||||||
| 2A | 50 | 345 | 40 | 275 | 65 | 450 | 20 | ||||||||||
| 3A | 65 | 450 | 55 | 380 | 80 | 550 |
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| 7A | 50 | 345 | 40 | 275 | 65 | 450 | 20 | ||||||||||
| 9B | 125 | 860 | 105 | 725 | … | … |
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| 9A | 90 | 620 | 70 | 483 | … | … | 15 | ||||||||||
| 11A | 35 | 240 | 25 | 170 | 45 | 310 | 24 | ||||||||||
| 12A | 70 | 483 | 50 | 345 | … | … | 18 | ||||||||||
| 13A | 40 | 275 | 25 | 170 | … | … | 24 | ||||||||||
| 14A | 60 | 410 | 40 | 275 | … | … | 20 | ||||||||||
| 15A | 70 | 483 | 55 | 380 | … | … | 18 | ||||||||||
| 16A | 50 | 345 | 40 | 275 | 65 | 450 | |||||||||||